退休的概念对每个人来说都是独一无二的. For millions, retirement is a goal and something to strive for. 对其他人来说，它会带来焦虑.
一般来说, to address the monumental decisions around how and when to retire, it’s wise to begin those conversations years before your target date. You can also engage with your financial advisor, therapist, or spouse. If the concept of not working in retirement isn’t one that you embrace, simply insert the phrase ‘生活目标’ and engage in constructive dialogue around how to accomplish this without worrying about money.
When I talk with people about their life and retirement goals, three questions often surface. 下面我列出了它们以及处理它们的策略:
我将如何度过我的时间?
During our working years, the concept of retirement is often idealized as a finish line. But as that decision day nears, it is common to question what the next phase will bring. Oftentimes, the source of that anxiety is about what to do with that soon-to-be available extra time. 当然, 这是一个很好的挑战, but some people are so paralyzed with the fear of having too much time on their hands that they simply choose to continue working.
A helpful strategy to reduce this concern is to write down your hobbies, 利益, 你想去的地方, 卫生行动, 你想加入的社交俱乐部, and new adventures that you have only heretofore dreamt about. Visualizing in a positive way what your days will look like will give you a more tangible structure that can help reduce the worry about not having enough to do.
当我的投资余额下降时，我会有什么感觉?
For decades near-retirees have saved and invested for the long-term. During this time, many investors focused on their rate of return and account value.
However, during the ‘withdrawal phase’ money is withdrawn to fund living expenses. With inevitable market volatility and current low interest rates, 取款 from investment accounts can lead to declines in account balances.
Watching the result of a lifetime of hard work decline can lead to an emotional response. Emotion is the enemy of the individual investor so understanding that account values can decline (sometimes substantially) in retirement may help better manage those uncertain times.
一个有用的想法是了解更多关于A的概念 可持续提现率. While more space is needed to give proper understanding to this concept, a 可持续提现率 is the percent of a portfolio that can be withdrawn each year without putting a lifetime income stream at risk.
A tangible strategy to deal with portfolio declines is to identify the amount of monthly income that is derived from more reliable sources (e.g., 社会保障, 养老金, annuities) and take comfort from having those sources in your retirement arsenal. If this amount isn’t a sizable percentage of your target retirement cash flow, 考虑采取措施获得更可靠的收入. 和, 取决于它们是否适合你的特殊情况, municipal bonds and other high quality fixed income source can also be a source of emotional comfort (albeit with potentially lower interest rates).
我能活多久?
对许多人来说，这听起来像是一个愚蠢的问题. 但为长寿风险做规划变得越来越重要. Longevity risk relates to risk of living a long life and running out of money later in life.
This concept is increasingly important for millions of Americans who are living longer. Running out of money is often cited as the number one source of anxiety for seniors – even greater than the risk of death.
Understanding longevity risk dovetails into why the 可持续提现率 is so important. Managing investments and 取款 in a prudent manner so that you will still have assets generating income in your later years is paramount. This is even more true if you are retiring on the early side.
Having a sense of your life expectancy can help with the decision of when to start 社会保障 取款. 诚实地评估你的个人健康史, 你的家族史, 你现在的生活方式. 例如, 如果你认为你可以活得很长, then consider delaying your 社会保障 start date (thereby increasing your monthly benefit), and/or delay 取款 from your retirement account (which should help preserve more of your asset value).
Each person’s situation is unique and there is no ‘one size fits all’ retirement strategy. But knowing yourself and your emotions can help make a positive difference in the success of your retirement plan.
